Show HN: Open-Source Colab Notebooks to Implement Advanced RAG Techniques
98 points
10 months ago
| 5 comments
| github.com
| HN
Hey HN fam,

We’ve seen developers spend a lot of time implementing advanced RAG techniques from scratch.

While these techniques are essential for improving performance, their implementation requires a lot of effort and testing!

To help with this process, our team (Athina AI) has released Open-Source Advanced RAG Cookbooks.

This is a collection of ready-to-run Google Colab notebooks featuring the most commonly implemented techniques.

Please show us some love by starring the repo if you find this useful!

Oras
10 months ago
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One of the challenges I have with RAG is excluding table of contents, headers/footers and appendices from PDFs.

Is there a tool/technique to achieve this? I’m aware that I can use LLMs to do so, or read all pages and find identical text (header/footer), but I want to keep the page number as part of the metadata to ensure better citation on retrieval.

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prsdm
10 months ago
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Oras
10 months ago
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Thank you, this is a mix of OCR and LLM, I was thinking if there might be a library to avoid using that.

A better approach will be using Textract as it maintains the flow, such as if you have a table going across multiple pages.

Btw, tesseract is not that good in getting accurate data from tables. Use it with caution especially in financial context.

I have made an open source tool to show missing data from tesseract and easy ocr https://github.com/orasik/parsevision/

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prsdm
10 months ago
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Nice I really liked it!
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jonathan-adly
10 months ago
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I would check out vision models as a technique to go around OCR errors.

ColPali is the standard implementation & SOTA. Much better than OCR. We maintain a ready to go retrieval API that implements this: https://github.com/tjmlabs/ColiVara

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throwup238
10 months ago
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You’ll need other heuristics for ToC and indices but headers/footers are easy to detect via n-gram deduplication. You’ll want to figure out some rolling logic to handle chapter changes though.
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ellisv
10 months ago
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Headers/footers are also positional.
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jonathan-adly
10 months ago
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I would strongly advise against people learning based on LangChain.

It is abstraction hell, and will set you back thousands of engineers hours the moment you want to do something differently.

RAG is actually very simple thing to do; just too much VC money in the space & complexity merchants.

Best way to learn is outside of notebooks (the hard parts of RAG is all around the actual product), and use as little frameworks as possible.

My preferred stack is a FastAPI/numpy/redis. Simple as pie. You can swap redis for pgVector/Postgres when ready for the next complexity step.

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ellisv
10 months ago
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I'd like to hear more about this – both your reasoning against LangChain and suggestions for alternatives.

My experience with LangChain has been a mixed bag. On the one hand it has been very easy to get up and running quickly. Following their examples actually works!

Trying to go beyond the examples to mix and match concepts was a real challenge because of the abstractions. As with any young framework in a fast moving field the concepts and abstractions seem to be changing quickly, thus examples within the documentation show multiple ways to do something but it isn't clear which is the "right" way.

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jackmpcollins
10 months ago
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I'd be really interested to hear what abstractions you would find useful for RAG. I'm building magentic which is focused on structured outputs and streaming, but also enables RAG [0], though currently has no specific abstractions for it.

[0] https://magentic.dev/examples/rag_github/

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pchangr
10 months ago
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Those were exactly my thoughts.. however I haven’t been able to find much material on how to implement this without relying on LangChain.. do you know of any beginners material I could use to fill my gaps?
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dmezzetti
10 months ago
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An alternative you can try is txtai (https://github.com/neuml/txtai).

RAG section: https://github.com/neuml/txtai?tab=readme-ov-file#retrieval-...

Disclaimer: I'm the primary developer

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jonathan-adly
10 months ago
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I will do it - you are right. Lots of materials in the space is basically people selling their complex tools w/ learning as a lower priority
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memhole
10 months ago
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Start with ignoring 90% of the stuff you read about and realize you’re only manipulating strings to send to an API.
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Jet_Xu
10 months ago
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Interesting discussion! While RAG is powerful for document retrieval, applying it to code repositories presents unique challenges that go beyond traditional RAG implementations. I've been working on a universal repository knowledge graph system, and found that the real complexity lies in handling cross-language semantic understanding and maintaining relationship context across different repo structures (mono/poly).

Has anyone successfully implemented a language-agnostic approach that can: 1. Capture implicit code relationships without heavy LLM dependency? 2. Scale efficiently for large monorepos while preserving fine-grained semantic links? 3. Handle cross-module dependencies and version evolution?

Current solutions like AST-based analysis + traditional embeddings seem to miss crucial semantic contexts. Curious about others' experiences with hybrid approaches combining static analysis and lightweight ML models.

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krawczstef
10 months ago
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+1 for vanilla code without LangChain.
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hbamoria
10 months ago
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I believe you're looking for notebooks w/o Langchain. We plan to publish them in next few days :)
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imworkingrn
10 months ago
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whats wrong with langchain ?
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ErikBjare
10 months ago
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I haven't used it in a year, but my experience was it frequently broke in all sorts of ways. I have since avoided it like the plague.
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imworkingrn
10 months ago
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I hear you. Had the same experience. It's matured a lot since then though. Got back to it a few weeks ago and it feels surprisingly stable.
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chompychop
10 months ago
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Does it still have the "abstraction hell" issue when trying to work with it for custom, non out-of-the-box use cases?
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prsdm
10 months ago
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it's much more stable now.
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sauwan
10 months ago
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Does it still put you in dependency hell though, where you can't add new packages without causing tons of version conflicts?
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efriis
10 months ago
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Howdy! Erick from LangChain here. If anyone is seeing version conflicts on particular packages, please let me know!

These usually stem from overly strict constraints in the underlying sdks for the integrations, and in general we've been pretty successful asking for those constraints to be loosened. The main "problem" constraint we've seen in the past has been on httpx. Curious if you've seen others!

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chompychop
10 months ago
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Huh? All of their notebooks use LangChain.
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dmezzetti
10 months ago
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Thanks for sharing.

If you want notebooks that do some of this with local open models: https://github.com/neuml/txtai/tree/master/examples and here: https://gist.github.com/davidmezzetti

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prsdm
10 months ago
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Thanks for sharing these resources! We’ll definitely take a look.
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