Voyager 1 Is About to Reach One Light-Day from Earth
222 points
2 hours ago
| 16 comments
| scienceclock.com
| HN
glenstein
47 minutes ago
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Not that we would literally do this with Voyager, but it makes me wonder at the potential utility of a string of probes, one sent every couple of [insert correct time interval, decades, centuries?], to effectively create a communication relay stretching out into deep space somewhere.

My understanding with the Voyagers 1 and 2 is (a) they will run out of power before they would ever get far enough to benefit from a relay and (b) they benefited from gravity slingshots due to planetary alignments that happen only once every 175 years.

So building on the Voyager probes is a no-go. But probes sent toward Alpha Centauri that relay signals? Toward the center of the Milky Way? Toward Andromeda? Yes it would take time scales far beyond human lifetimes to build out anything useful, and even at the "closest" scales it's a multi year round trip for information but I think Voyager, among other things, was meant to test our imaginations, our sense of possible and one thing they seem to naturally imply is the possibility of long distance probe relays.

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tpurves
13 minutes ago
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What you are describing has been proposed before, for example within context of projects like Breakthrough Starshot. In that the case the idea is to launch thousands of probes, each weighing only a few grams or less, and accelerating them to an appreciable fraction of the speed of light using solar sails and (powerful) earth-based lasers. The probes could reach alpha centauri within 20-30 years. There seems to be some debate though about whether cross-links between probes to enable relaying signals is ever practical from a power and mass perspective vs a single very large receiver on earth.
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Tepix
7 minutes ago
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Indeed. I think the main reason to send thousands of probes is increasing the odds that they will survive the trip and also be in the right position to gather usable data to transmit back.

Also once you have created the infrastructure of hundreds or thousands of very powerful lasers to accelerate the tiny probes to incredibel speeds, sending many probes instead of a few doesn't add much to the cost anyway.

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Aperocky
45 minutes ago
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Not useful, because the signal are too weak to be picked up probe to probe.

On earth, the tiny signal from Voyager at this distance is picked up by dish the size of a football field; same with sending of the signal.

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pseudocomposer
22 minutes ago
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This is a silly counterexample - why would we launch them that far apart? It’s a terrible idea for multiple reasons. We’d want them close together, with some redundancy as well, in case of failures.

What dish size would be required for a “cylindrical/tubular mesh” of probes, say, 1AU apart (ie Earth-Sun distance)? I’m pretty sure that would be manageable, but open to being wrong. (For reference, Voyager 1 is 169AU from Earth, but I have no idea how dish size vs. signal strength works: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/voyager/where-are-voyager-1...)

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rootnod3
11 minutes ago
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You could send a good amount of small probes and make them become the big antenna dish basically. As long as you cover the bases, you can have layers of "big antenna dishes" in onion layers.
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malfist
28 minutes ago
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The dish isn't the size of a football field, it's a 70 meter dish (football field is 110 meters), it can however, transmit at 400 kilowatts of power
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nntwozz
35 minutes ago
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What if the probes carry smaller probes left behind at specific intervals that act as repeaters?

These baby probes could unfold a larger spiderweb antenna the size of a tennis court.

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keepamovin
27 seconds ago
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[delayed]
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jandrese
14 minutes ago
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The problem is each relay needs its own power source so it's not going to be as light and small as you would like. Solar power doesn't work very well outside of the solar system, or even really in the outer solar system.

On the plus side your big probe could push off of the small probe to give itself a further boost, also necessary because otherwise the small probes need thrusters to slow themselves to a stop.

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BobbyTables2
23 minutes ago
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Football field might even be too small…

Wasn’t Arecibo used for Voyager?

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jcims
27 minutes ago
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Laser communication could potentially address some of those issues.
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jandrese
13 minutes ago
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Maybe, but if your probe is heading directly towards another solar system then it will be backlit by its destination.
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Fokamul
36 minutes ago
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Hmm, do you realize, that even if you have 1B probes everywhere. You're still bound by speed of light communication speed, right?

It's faster than probe speed in this age, yeah. But still not enough, if we're talking distances to other specific planets, stars, etc.

Two possible ways to solve this, humans will become immortal or speed of light bypass method will be discovered.

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serf
13 minutes ago
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the post office has utility even if the messages have very high latency.

also if this probe network reduces the transmission costs to normal terrestrial levels (and not requiring , say, a 400kw tx dish..) it could drastically increases the utility of the link -- and all of this without discussing how much bandwidth a link network across the stars might possess compared to our current link to Voyager..

(this is all said with the presumption of a reason to have such distance communications channels.. )

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LargeWu
11 minutes ago
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Seems like the problem OP is trying to solve for here is not latency, it's signal power and redundancy.
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elashri
47 minutes ago
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Wow, this gives a reflection about our future. The nearest potentially habitable planet known is Proxima Centauri b, which orbits the red dwarf star Proxima Centauri about 4 light‑years from Earth (at least it is in a habitable zone of its star) [1]. So we don't have a choice actually except protecting and make sure our planet survives. That's regardless if it really would be able to support life as we know or not (probably not).

[1] https://science.nasa.gov/resource/proxima-b-3d-model/

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Tepix
1 minute ago
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Yes, the distances are mind-boggling. There are a few possible solutions for making such a trip. But if you send something of significant mass it is certain to take a long time. So we're either talking generation ships§, embryo space colonization (growing into adults en route or at destination) or hibernation. Or perhaps a breakthrough in fundamental physics.

--

§ Something like O'Neill cylinders with fusion as energy source could work

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godshatter
7 minutes ago
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In my opinion, if we really want a presence off of earth we'd be better off building larger and larger space habitats and bootstrapping a mining industry in space.
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nixpulvis
20 minutes ago
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Space is cool, and I support the scientific work some of its pioneers discover. But the category of people who believe space travel is somehow the solution to problems on Earth give me headaches.
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onethought
24 minutes ago
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Or we learn how to make uninhabitable planets habitable. Would also help us “save” this one.

(Funny how we say “save the planet” when we really mean “save people/complex life”).

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uyzstvqs
1 hour ago
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Site is down? Archive: https://archive.is/55yNp

Headline is also misleading. It will do so in November 2026, about a year from now.

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firefax
19 minutes ago
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>Site is down?

They got Slashdotted ;-)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slashdot_effect

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croisillon
48 minutes ago
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well, that's only about 30 light-minutes left
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acec
49 minutes ago
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50 years for 1 light day... so to arrive Alpha Centauri that is 4.2 light years far away... 76549 years and 364 days :-)
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pjerem
39 minutes ago
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Less than that is you are constantly accelerating.
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jandrese
11 minutes ago
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If you can figure out a way to apply thrust that doesn't require you to lug mass with you and throw it out the back of your spacecraft you will open up the stars to exploration. If not the rocket equation will wreck your plans every time.
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malfist
27 minutes ago
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Longer than that if you are constantly decelerating.
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SAI_Peregrinus
23 minutes ago
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And exactly that if you're talking about Voyager 1, which is on a ballistic trajectory.
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lysace
1 minute ago
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I believe there's a semi-common sci-fi construct to send probes containing human brain dumps running on silicon to these far away star systems. Just hit pause until arrival :).
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chistev
1 hour ago
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Wrote about the Voyager probes two days ago in my blog - The two Voyager spacecraft are the greatest love letters humanity has ever sent into the void.

Voyager 2 actually launched first, on August 20, 1977, followed by Voyager 1 on September 5, 1977. Because Voyager 1 was on a faster, shorter trajectory (it used a rare alignment to slingshot past both Jupiter and Saturn quicker), it overtook its twin and became the farther, faster probe. As of 2025, Voyager 1 is the most distant human-made object ever, more than 24 billion kilometers away, still whispering data home at 160 bits per second.

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Sharlin
1 hour ago
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Voyager 2 was the real beneficiary of the rare outer planet alignment, as it went on the famous Grand Tour, visiting all four of the giants. It did gravity assists at Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus. [1] shows the rough velocity of V2 over time.

Voyager 1 was directed to perform a flyby of Titan, at the cost of being thrown out of the ecliptic and being unable to visit the ice giants like its sister. But this was deemed acceptable due to Titan's high science value.

[1] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voyager_2_-_velocity...

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creata
1 hour ago
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To save someone two seconds of searching,

NASA animation of Voyager 2's trajectory (time in the bottom-left corner): https://youtu.be/l8TA7BU2Bvo

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snowwrestler
48 minutes ago
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This is great. I did not realize Voyager 2 also left the ecliptic at the end of its tour.
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detectivestory
1 hour ago
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And that love letter came with a very nice mixtape. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyager_Golden_Record
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chistev
24 minutes ago
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Yea, I mentioned that too.
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snowwrestler
53 minutes ago
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At current pace, Voyager 1 will have taken 49 Earth years to reach one light-day.

That means it will reach a light year in approximately the Earth year 19,860.

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zkmon
17 minutes ago
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How is the link with earth maintained at this distance? Is it really a powerful transmitter that sends signals without attenuation?
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iberator
1 hour ago
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This is an absurdly simplified article :/ Wikipedia is way better and more technical.
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homarp
1 hour ago
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TechRemarker
1 hour ago
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No, not "About to". It's this time "next year".
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troupo
1 hour ago
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> No, not "About to". It's this time "next year".

48 years in space and a light-day from Earth? I think it qualifies for "about to" :)

(At this point 1 year is ~2% of total time in space)

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chrisweekly
1 hour ago
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sure - but this time next year is obv more relevant
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mlmonkey
41 minutes ago
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I've been reading such posts for years. Every few months, "Voyager 1 is the most distant man-made object ever!" or "Voyager 1 about to leave the Solar System!"

Well duh!

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jesprenj
1 hour ago
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> Error establishing a database connection
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kondro
1 hour ago
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You might need to increase your connection timeout to at least 172800 seconds.
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dtgriscom
49 minutes ago
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"Space is big. Really big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind-bogglingly big it is. I mean you may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist, but that's just peanuts to space."
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NooneAtAll3
1 hour ago
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november 202 6
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Mistletoe
1 hour ago
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When I read stats like this I realize how stuck in this solar system we are. I wonder if billionaires would care for the planet more if they knew that Earth is honestly just it for humans, for maybe forever.
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astroflection
1 hour ago
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Carl Sagan's reflection on the Pale Blue Dot( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale_Blue_Dot ) image seem relevant:

"From this distant vantage point, the Earth might not seem of any particular interest. But for us, it's different. Consider again that dot. That's here. That's home. That's us. On it everyone you love, everyone you know, everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was, lived out their lives. The aggregate of our joy and suffering, thousands of confident religions, ideologies, and economic doctrines, every hunter and forager, every hero and coward, every creator and destroyer of civilization, every king and peasant, every young couple in love, every mother and father, hopeful child, inventor and explorer, every teacher of morals, every corrupt politician, every "superstar", every "supreme leader", every saint and sinner in the history of our species lived there – on a mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam. "

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im_down_w_otp
1 hour ago
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Nah, the whole second-Earth, terraforming nonsense is pure rationalization for whatever they want to do. If they weren’t using that as a post hoc justification, they’d just land on something else.
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lm28469
1 hour ago
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It gets even better when you think about all the damage we've done in ~200 years of industrial revolution.

We can't keep our perfect home in working order after so little time but they believe we'll transform dead rocks with no atmospheres in paradise...

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mr_toad
1 hour ago
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I’m not aware of any organisation or individual that has actual plans (backed with actual investment) for terraforming anything. This is a straw man argument.
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lm28469
45 minutes ago
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Dork in chief always delivers: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpaceX_Mars_colonization_progr...

> "We bring you Mars", a rendering of a terraformed Mars at SpaceX Headquarters

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optimalsolver
50 minutes ago
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They're not going to be alive in 100 years (barring AGI intervention), so why would they care?
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thmsths
46 minutes ago
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This. It's not a spatial problem, it's a temporal one. They are somewhat aware there will be nowhere to run to (I say somewhat because they still spend millions in luxury bunkers), they are just betting that it won't get really bad during their lifetime, maybe their kids lifetime for the more empathetic ones.
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lapcat
40 minutes ago
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The astonishing thing is that some of them are relatively young, they breathe the same air as the rest of us, drink the same water as the rest of us, eat the same food as the rest of us, accumulate the same "forever chemicals" in their bodies as the rest of us, contract the same diseases as the rest of us. Yet they push dangerous deregulation that threatens their own health.

Perhaps they believe their unlimited access to the best medical care in the world will protect them? Or perhaps it's just an unhealthy addiction, like a drug addict, where their drug is money and power, and their own health is basically irrelevant compared to feeding the beast?

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tonyhart7
1 hour ago
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cant wait when Voyager 6 reach earth
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nntwozz
45 minutes ago
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V'ger, was looking for a Star Trek reference and HN delivered.
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SAI_Peregrinus
17 minutes ago
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V'ger raises the question of how Starfleet missed it for so long, given how slow the Voyager probes were and how near-future the Star Trek timeline is.
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jmclnx
1 hour ago
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Kind of a dup, but the article linked here is different

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46046260

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