Copenhagenize Index 2025: The Global Ranking of Bicycle-Friendly Cities
45 points
1 hour ago
| 16 comments
| copenhagenizeindex.eu
| HN
makeitdouble
47 minutes ago
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Paris being 5th when biking there is pure chaos compared to many Asian cities makes the ranking look capricious. Paris's City hall is definitely pro bike and a lot of money and effort was poured into infrastructure, but that dosn't suddenly makes it safe or largely adopted.

More generally, infrastructure isn't everything. Tokyo small streets with absolutely no markings can be way safer and bike friendlier than a bright lane in the middle of constant car traffic.

I'll note the company doing the ranking is based on Paris, so familiarity might hide many of the flaws.

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fsh
34 minutes ago
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I didn't even feel particularly safe as a pedestrian in Tokyo or Osaka. Despite the good public transport, Japanese cities have cars absolutely everywhere, even in tiny streets that should really be pedestrian zones. Paris is much better in my opinion.
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rixed
39 minutes ago
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Came here to say that. I've lived a long time in both Amsteram and Paris, and seeing those two cities close in that ranking call the whole thing into question. For sure, cities couldn't game the metrics used by tha ranking, but I'm sure the metrics definitions have been gamed to make some cities look better.

"Usage and Reach" is ranked better for Paris than Amsterdam? But in Amsterdam I can safely and efficiently bicycle from anywhere to anywhere, including across the rings, to the countryside and even to the sea, with the kids, and no fear. In Paris, I would not dare to venture outside of the touristic city center, and even there I would keep an eye on kids.

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jeroenhd
32 minutes ago
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Not Just Bikes, the internet famous pro-bike infrastructure enthusiast, voiced their critique on this list a few days ago: https://social.notjustbikes.com/@notjustbikes/11560519028224...

The note about Copenhagenize being a consulting firm probably explains why the list is so full of weird and arbitrary choices.

At least their method is somewhat open (though I can't find the raw data they used/compensation factors/calculations): https://copenhagenizeindex.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/COP...

Things like "usage of cargo bikes", "percentage of women on bikes", "presence of NGOs", "media tone" all make for rather arbitrary outliers depending on how much they weigh in the final score.

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maelito
56 minutes ago
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Ranking Bordeaux and Nantes next to Amsterdam is nonsense.

Amsterdam is miles ahead in terms of infrastructure. This ranking dilutes the most important thing to get these results : good bike lancés everywhere with no discontinuity.

Disclaimer : I've built villes.plus, an open source automated evaluation of bike lanes. 100 points, compute itineraries in "secure" mode with Brouter between these points, count the % of secured km -> score.

Amsterdam tops at 8/10. Bordeaux is at 3/10, Nantes 2/10.

https://villes.plus/cyclables/Amsterdam?id=271110

https://villes.plus/cyclables/Nantes.8

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prmoustache
34 minutes ago
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I can't speak about Nantes which I haven't visited for decades but I think it is wrong to count bikes lanes as a single parameter.

Dutch urbanists have found that bike lanes are very important when streets used by cars are unaltered. Once you implement a lot of traffic calming features and cars never reach 30kph comfortably, bike lanes aren't that important and then streets can be shared across all users.

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maelito
29 minutes ago
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> it is wrong to count bikes lanes as a single parameter.

Of course it is. See % of safe km as a minimal condition, not as perfection.

Note that bike lane ! = safe km. You're right. There are bad bike lanes and good peaceful streets. See other comment for algorithm.

20 km/h streets are counted.

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noobcoder
35 minutes ago
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Fun fact Amsterdam recovers roughly 15000 cycles per year from their canal. IIRC they have a board with the number for each year
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throwaway198846
50 minutes ago
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What does it mean to be "secure"?
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maelito
32 minutes ago
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https://github.com/laem/villes.plus/blob/master/isSafePath.j...

Feel free to suggest a better algorithm ! It's version 2, issues already discuss missing important OSM tags.

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jonkoops
34 minutes ago
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I always have a laugh when I see Copenhagen brag about its cycling infrastructure (e.g. Scandinavian Airlines declaring it bike-mecca in their flyers). I am very sorry, but it really doesn't come even close to Amsterdam, or most other Dutch cities really. There are a tonne of places where high-volume car traffic still intersects with low-speed bicycle traffic in Copenhagen, a lot of high-speed car roads with painted on lines, instead of actually separated infrastructure.

Also, the Netherlands is in its entirety covered in separated infrastructure optimized over decades. Just take a look at how anemic Denmark's infrastructure is outside the cities (https://www.opencyclemap.org/).

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heresie-dabord
1 hour ago
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Bicycling is part of the mobility culture of Montreal, but whether Montreal is actually friendly to bicyclists is open to heated debate.

Cars dominate the topology.

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werdnapk
53 minutes ago
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I really enjoy biking in Quebec city. I don't have as much experience with Montreal, but I can see how QC is a top spot.
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spooky_deep
1 hour ago
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100%. Only a North American could consider Montreal bike friendly.
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betaby
43 minutes ago
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Montreal is bike friendly in comparison with Paris. Personal opinion of course.
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betaby
45 minutes ago
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> 'Bicycling is part of the mobility culture'

That's a very {Plateau,reddit,no-kids}-centric view.

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heresie-dabord
11 minutes ago
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It's evident that people use bicycles in Montreal -- TFA itself attests this.

But if your point is that North American cities all tend to have the same downtown/suburban contrasts, you are quite right.

People who live $Downtown usually have walkable neighbourhoods and perhaps even access to underground transit. People who live outside the centre of the city mostly end up depending on a private vehicle.

Bicycles are part of the mobility culture in Montreal. But Car Cancer has the same effect everywhere.

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sandworm101
39 minutes ago
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Montreal's city leaders might be friendly. Its climate is not. Once the snow falls, the number of bicycle commuters plummets towards zero. Paris, vancouver, the netherlands ... they have stable climates condusive to bike use. At -10 it isnt the cars that will cause a crash, it is the physics of a two rubber wheels trying to navigate on ice.

Also, Quebec is not a city. The city is called "Quebec City" just as how New York and New York City are very different places.

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prmoustache
30 minutes ago
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Tell that to the cyclists in Oulu, Finland. https://oulu.com/en/living/mobility/cycling/

The thing is: after a snow fall, they prioritize the bike roads/lanes before taking care of the roads used by cars.

When I was living in Switzerland, I kept a set of spare wheels with studded tires for those days with risk of ice. Riding on packed snow is perfectly fine on regular tires and ice is not dangerous when you have studded tires.

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jeroenhd
17 minutes ago
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> the number of bicycle commuters plummets towards zero

That's proof that there's either a lot of progress to be made, or the local culture just isn't as tolerant to the cold.

Cycling around -10 works just fine if the roads have been taken care of (which, in your example, doesn't seem to be case, as apparently they're covered in ice).

With decent infrastructure, the difference between cycling 10 degrees above and 10 degrees below freezing is a matter of outfit.

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sandworm101
9 minutes ago
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Ice isnt a product of cold. It is actually rare on roads in the high north. Ice requires melting and re-freezing, and gets more slippery when wet. Ice is a problem when the weather bounces back and forth around freezing. Each city will be very different, but those near the great lakes are paticularly impacted by ice storms. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ice_storms
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MeteorMarc
49 minutes ago
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One reason for Utrecht scoring high: it has the largest bicycle parking lot of the world: https://bicycledutch.wordpress.com/2024/08/21/happy-annivers...
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aallaall
1 hour ago
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Of course it helps if the city, and country in general, is completely flat. Cities in Norway or Nepal have mother nature against all form of manual locomotion.
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analog31
59 minutes ago
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Actually, I don't think it's a huge coincidence that a lot of cities are relatively flat, because they tended to develop near larger bodies of water.

Oslo is #18 on that list, not too shabby. Kathmandu is in a valley.

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mnky9800n
50 minutes ago
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I think Norway is more about being comfortable riding in the cold on spiked tires. The hills of Oslo don’t bother you after a couple months of riding them.
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emilbratt
54 minutes ago
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In Trondheim, Norway we have the famous bycicle lift. :)

https://youtu.be/zipZ5kwhFfs?si=2kEsb-7wEpcS2Vkn

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mperham
1 hour ago
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Are you a time traveler from 2010 who's never heard of e-bikes?
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noveltyaccount
57 minutes ago
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In Copenhagen, the vast majority of people park their bikes on the street using only a cafe lock (frame mounted, immobilizes the rear wheel). The bikes are generally nothing special, old rusty junkers, with one or three gears. E-bikes flatten terrain but also you need an indoor place to store it and they become a magnet for theft. A cheap bike you can ride to the Metro and leave in the elements is versatile in a way e-bikes are not. (I say all this as a massive e-bike fan living in a very hilly US city who recently visited Copenhagen and adored its bike culture.)
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mmoll
29 minutes ago
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We once rented bikes in Copenhagen, they all looked like they were fresh from the junk yard. We had to try several to find ones where at least one of the brakes was still working. It was a horrible experience, and we tried several different places. That was after we found out that the public bikes that were supposed to be available all over the city had all been stolen.
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aallaall
1 hour ago
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Do you think it’s a coincidence that the top two countries are completely flat?
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UltraSane
1 hour ago
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E-bikes make this much less of an issue.
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Toutouxc
1 hour ago
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For me personally charging and keeping e-bike batteries in the apartment is a source of stress. I do keep and charge my drone and FPV plane batteries at home, even DIY ones, but e-bike batteries are much bigger and harder to chuck out of the window in case something goes wrong. I actually got rid of my e-scooter because of that, I just didn’t trust it.
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aallaall
1 hour ago
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No, E-bikes doesn’t make this much less of an issue.
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spooky_deep
1 hour ago
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Why the Copenhagenize Index when Copenhagen is not particularly bike friendly by Dutch standards?
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usrnm
58 minutes ago
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It's even more hilarious to see Paris in top 5
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lifty
40 minutes ago
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They hold themselves in high regard but Copenhagen doesn’t hold a candle to most Dutch cities. And for that matter, very few cities can compare themselves to the Dutch biking infrastructure, without even mentioning the cultural aspects and acceptance by other traffic participants.
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mongol
55 minutes ago
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The biggest hurdle to biking for me is parking safely. Unless I can park it behind locked doors I have an anxious feeling that it may not be still there when I return. This is no problem when bicycling to work, but for arbitrary errands it is. A good lock helps of course, but it still feels like a gamble.
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prmoustache
24 minutes ago
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I always kept my bicycle inside my office. I also found out that if you ask politely, many shops allows you to enter with your bike provided there is enough space.
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teekert
52 minutes ago
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In the Netherlands you just chain it to something then you’re fine. Otherwise it’s gone in 60 seconds.
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jeroenhd
36 minutes ago
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That strongly depends on the city and the places you park your bike. I've never needed to chain my bike, although I do it for new bikes because insurance demands it.

There are neighborhoods in cities like Amsterdam where bicycle theft is pretty much expected to happen no matter how many locks you buy, but in smaller towns there's barely a need to lock your bike at all during the day.

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usrnm
39 minutes ago
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Pro tip: just ride an old and rusty omafiets that nobody wants, no need for a chain.
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mongol
48 minutes ago
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Is it really so binary? Locked bikes don't get stolen?
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arccy
45 minutes ago
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just a lot less, because there are so many bikes
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petermcneeley
51 minutes ago
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It is currently -1 to -3 in Montreal and -2 to -7 in Quebec (city). So yes folks literally freezing. It will remain so (down to -35) for the next 4 months.
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Etheryte
48 minutes ago
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Helsinki hits more or less the same weather, people cycle there just fine. It's only a matter of infrastructure and gear.
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petermcneeley
36 minutes ago
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Yes I agree but in general we dont have infrastructure and it gets much colder. Salt doesnt work at some point so you dont have dry pathways.
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cgh
39 minutes ago
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According to Wikipedia, the mean daily minimum of Helsinki in January is -5.6°. In Quebec City, it’s -17.7°. Not the same, at least according to Wikipedia.
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TulliusCicero
42 minutes ago
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Oulu Finland has plenty of biking in the winter, despite its extreme northern latitude. It's about infrastructure and investment.
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petermcneeley
33 minutes ago
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In Vancouver this mostly works because it is cold but not cold enough. There are only a few days where it is very sketchy. The rest of Canada is not like this.
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prmoustache
21 minutes ago
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Studded tires. This is an investment but it works. Caveat is you need space to store them on a second set of wheels or bike because you don't want to ride them all year long so it is not for everyone.
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petermcneeley
8 minutes ago
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'space to store them on a second set of wheels' This probably explains everything about this discussion. I think im dealing with very poor people (Europeans).

I think I have space in my pool shed or my other shed. Worst case I will put them in one of my many empty rooms.

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werdnapk
38 minutes ago
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People wear appropriate clothing for the weather. Those temperatures are no reason to stop biking. People do not "literally" freeze when it's below 0.
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petermcneeley
34 minutes ago
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It gets much colder than zero. With blinding northern winds. Yes a human can do anything but is it desirable?
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mytailorisrich
30 minutes ago
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Cycling or walking when it is -20C or even less does sound a little masochistic if there are alternatives available.
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vlabakje90
29 minutes ago
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Is was like that in the Netherlands about a week ago. It really doesn't make a difference.
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petermcneeley
23 minutes ago
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Ah well that settles it then! Im going to tell the female lawyer I know to stop taking her car and instead buy gear and a bike so she can bike in the freezing cold for 20 minutes to get to her job where she also has to dress as a lawyer. No problem just pack a bag of clothes in a pack + all other workthings and then don artic style gear. So much fun!
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breuleux
39 minutes ago
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Eh, biking in the cold isn't really worse than walking in the cold. The snow is a bigger issue.
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petermcneeley
27 minutes ago
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The alternative is not walking :)
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aleda145
1 hour ago
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I went to Copenhagen this summer. I was quite disappointed in the bicycle infrastructure, I felt like it was on par with what we have in Stockholm. Rented bikes and biked around for two days. It was nice!

Not sure how this index is being calculated (site breaks a lot), but my general feeling was that Denmark is just better at marketing than actual infrastructure when comparing to Stockholm at least

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bgnn
1 hour ago
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I'm not surprised to see Utrecht in the first place, but quite a bit surprised to see the other Dutch cities so low. No offense, but Rotterdam or The Heague is 100x better than Paris from safety and convenience point of view. I'm curious why is the ranking like this.
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usrnm
1 hour ago
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I've lived in both cities and I'm surprised to see Utrecht above Amsterdam. Both are great, but I'd say Amsterdam is actually more bike-centered
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jonkoops
31 minutes ago
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I have lived in both as well, and I feel the complete opposite.
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piva00
1 hour ago
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How did you even manage to see the page? I just clicked on it and got to WPAdmin install page, asking to setup the admin account.

Completely agree with you, I've traveled with my bike to many cities in Europe, the Netherlands in general has a fantastic bike infrastructure, not even sure why it's called "Copenhagenize" since I go to Copenhagen quite often and compared to Dutch's bike infrastructure it's still not on par to it. It's definitely great but the Dutch have it ahead.

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lifestyleguru
39 minutes ago
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You better learn how to drive bicycle while sleeping because you are not renting or buying any housing in any of these cities.
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ErroneousBosh
1 hour ago
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"Welcome to the famous five-minute WordPress installation process! Just fill in the information below and you’ll be on your way to using the most extendable and powerful personal publishing platform in the world."

Ooops.

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bethekidyouwant
1 hour ago
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lol wpadmin
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allannienhuis
1 hour ago
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yes, seems the site is completely broken and I suspect someone is in the middle of a panicked reinstall or reconfigure of WP. I feel for them. [edit] back up now, it seems.
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mikestew
47 minutes ago
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back up now, it seems.

Says you, I clicked 22 minutes after you posted, and got the WP install page. Like you, I sympathize; no one deserves this on their Saturday.

I clicked again, though, to get a repro and it was back. :shrug:

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smyk1777
1 hour ago
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great website, very helpful for traveling cyclists
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