In short I think it's hard to strike an appropriate balance between these but this seems to be a good intro level book.
What other framework would you replace it with?
No, polars or spark is not a good answer, those are optimized for data engineering performance, not a holistic approach to data science.
Today all serious DS work will ultimately become data engineering work anyway. The time when DS can just fiddle around in notebooks all day has passed.
Can you expand on why Polars isn't optimised for a holistic approach to data science?
It is a curse I know. I would also choose a better interface. Performance is meh to me, I use SQL if i want to do something at scale that involves row/column data.
I’m actually quite partial to R myself, and I used to use it extensively back when quick analysis was more valuable to my career. Things have probably progressed, but I dropped it in favor of python because python can integrate into production systems whereas R was (and maybe still is) geared towards writing reports. One of the best things to happen recently in data science is the plotnine library, bringing the grammar of graphics to python imho.
The fact is that today, if you want career opportunities as a data scientist, you need to be fluent in python.