Dearth of Photosynthetically Active Radiation Suggests No Complex Life on Late M-Star Exoplanets
Without photosynthesis, the only available inputs are the stuff the planet already has on it, which is almost entirely already electronically reduced.
See the Wikipedia page on redox chemistry:
They leave that to the paper, which uses a fairly common standard for defining complex life: the development of segregated and access-controlled cell nuclei. There is literature from as far back as 2011 suggesting that the spindles necessary for nuclei to work cannot be maintained by an organism that can only get 2 ADP->ATP reactions per molecule of glucose burned and instead need a floor of about 11 to 14, but the method bacteria use to get 38 ATP per glucose does depend on photosynthesis.