Stop using icons in data tables
100 points
4 days ago
| 14 comments
| medium.com
| HN
rrherr
7 hours ago
[-]
The title is misleading. The message is really:

Stop using unlabeled icons in data tables.

It says, "Norman Nielson argues that text + icon has the highest cognitive recall and lowest error rate"

Here's what the Nielsen Norman Group says about Icon Usability: https://www.nngroup.com/articles/icon-usability/

The conclusion: "Always include a visible text label. As Bruce Tognazzini once said, 'a word is worth a thousand pictures.'"

Here's the quote in context: https://www.asktog.com/columns/038MacUITrends.html

"In 1985, after a year of finding that pretty but unlabeled icons confused customers, the Apple human interface group took on the motto 'A word is worth a thousand pictures.' This still holds true."

reply
jrochkind1
3 hours ago
[-]
I was confused what OP is talking about, becuase in all the screenshots I don't see any unlabelled icons, I just see icons next to words.

I was wondering... is OP in fact saying it should be just words, without the icons next to them? Which is an opinion you could have, I think it's not entirely unreasonable (although as you say Nielson contradicts), but I wasn't entirely confident it is the point OP is making... or are they just talking about unlabelled icons (few if any? I'm not sure?) in those screenshots?

I still am not totally sure what OP is arguing.

reply
Sjeiti
1 hour ago
[-]
There is the trahscan icon in the first image, but that is hardly a cognitive hurdle.

I agree icons are not always the best option, but I'd need better arguments (and bad examples) than this to stop using them altogether.

reply
RupertSalt
4 hours ago
[-]
In the days of Windows 3.1 and prior Macintosh art, we sort of took it for granted that menus were labeled with English words to reflect the actions taken. Icons provided additional information, like "Hold down Command to do this" or something.

As computer OSes became globalized, i18n and l10n began to demand that we abandon English words to describe GUI actions. I believe this was the correct decision.

So I viewed icons+text in a GUI as transitional, a learning period. I learned to recognize the icons for what they represent, the skeumorphism of it all, while the icons plus text were displayed on my screen (I mostly used Ubuntu and KDE.)

When the time was right, I toggled the setting to remove the text altogether. I was ready to spread my wings and fly through an icon-rich UX that no longer relied on words or text to convey rich meanings.

Now this means that I can make mistakes or I need to experiment in terms of "What does THIS button do?!" in order to learn new icon vocabulary. But I definitely prefer it now to the English text, and really if anyone uses a modern device proficiently, they've picked up a decent vocabulary for this already.

Many people neglect to take into account that, for example, an app in an app store is represented more strongly by its chosen icon and branding than its title! Google Play lets us search by name, but that is not very efficient when I'm searching for a particular icon by description!

It also presents challenges to verbal tech support, whether by phone, by Meet, or over the shoulder, because how do you describe graphical icons and gestures? How to translate them back into English words? UI/UX designers have a hidden vocabulary for controls and widgets that aren't common knowledge, but can really enhance understanding once we can name them the same way the pros do.

Yes, icons can be used badly. Yes, people who are still learning may lean on text labels too. But graphical UIs are mature and we all need to acquire a vocabulary for these, so that information is conveyed across national and linguistic barriers.

reply
st_goliath
9 minutes ago
[-]
> i18n and l10n began to demand that we abandon English words to describe GUI actions

we translated them, e.g. the version of Windows 3.x that I used as a child had German words next to the icons.

Except, some icons didn't. I remember being really confused why I had to click on a picture of a frying pan for "search".

reply
n8cpdx
2 hours ago
[-]
> But graphical UIs are mature and we all need to acquire a vocabulary for these, so that information is conveyed across national and linguistic barriers.

Or we could just translate the text?

Colors and pictures aren’t exactly free of cultural baggage, either.

reply
hulitu
1 hour ago
[-]
So what does the 3 horizontal lines do ? Or the 3 dots ? Or the exclamation sign ?

Your "app" icon says nothing about the code quality of your app and coming with such ideas: " the user will press the icons to see what they do" means: uninstalling.

"Do you want to delete all your files ? [Yes] Remind me later[]"

reply
jfengel
4 hours ago
[-]
The problem for me is when an icon is repeated many times on a page, such as once per row. The word quickly becomes redundant, and the repetition looks ugly. Tables are supposed to be information-dense and wasting screen real estate interferes with the user's task.

I haven't found a good general solution to that. Hover doesn't work on mobile. A legend map is hard to locate. "Expert mode" introduces new problems.

Sometimes I'll just use an unlabeled button and make whatever it is undoable, so that users can just click and discover. But that's hostile to completely new users.

reply
catlifeonmars
5 hours ago
[-]
I took away from the article that I should probably get rid of icons in data tables.

I think the reference to Norman Nielsen was confusing. At the end of the article the author likens icons to visual speed bumps in a data table. The implication being to avoid them or at the very least use sparingly.

reply
ljm
6 hours ago
[-]
WCAG is a standard designed around the web and web-adjacent apps. Am I missing something here? Because accessibility standards are much easier to adhere to now. So the text label always has to be there, but you can also make it visible in the design and it's accessible by default.

This is a lesson to be learned by people who want minimalist UIs.

reply
MomsAVoxell
6 hours ago
[-]
It should be noted that the example given by the OP contains ‘poor’ icons which are more a consequence of the nature of the source - i.e. a HR headshot does not an effective workflow make ..
reply
crazygringo
4 hours ago
[-]
I literally can't tell what the author is arguing against or for.

All the example table images seem fine, and have no captions saying whether they're supposed to be examples of good usage or bad usage.

So either I have no idea what "bad" examples of icon usage are because the author doesn't show any, or the author thinks some or all of them are bad when, to me, the icon+text+color examples seem great (and one figure caption indicates icons+labels are best)?

Yet the author continues to argue against icons and to use text instead? But never says whether icons+labels are actually better than just text, so we should use them in combination?

I'm baffled. For an article arguing for greater clarity, the article itself couldn't be less clear.

reply
pimlottc
2 hours ago
[-]
In-line images should almost always include a caption, especially in a "do this and not that" type of piece
reply
seanwilson
7 hours ago
[-]
> When we pack high-density information into a data table or a complex dashboard we are increasing the visual entropy of the entire system. Forcing the brain to decode intricate, non-universal shapes in a tiny 16-pixel footprint, creates a “cognitive tax” that users pay en masse every time they scan the table.

What if it's an icon with a simple shape? How does that compare to noising up the table with long phrases and repetitive words? Is the cognitive tax if icons a lot higher or just a little higher? What if it's an app where the user will be using it for hours, so they'll quickly learn what the icons mean and will appreciate the space they save?

Is a tick icon really that big a deal in place of "Task completed"? Or a pencil instead of "Edit"? Sometimes you don't have a choice because of lack of space too. There's always tradeoffs to make. Obviously try to avoid icons that are hard to guess though but sometimes that's not always possible.

I can't say I've ever felt tired looking at icons in a table, but when designing I have had the experience of replacing wordy repetitive text with some intuitive icons in a complex table and it suddenly looking less intimidating.

reply
gdulli
7 hours ago
[-]
Right, this article overlooks the difference between a first encounter and regular encounters. The concise representation pays off when you do learn it, as long as it's executed well.

And I'm fine with a bit of cognitive exploration to figure out a green check and red X scheme rather than see a whole table column filled up with words like "active" and "inactive". The former allows more columns on screen at once. Horizontal scrolling is a worse impediment to assimilating information from a table.

reply
simoncion
7 hours ago
[-]
I would almost always rather have the words; words are things I can easily search for and manipulate using the text-processing tools in my possession.

Personally, my brain "page faults" whenever it has to interpret an emoji, which makes most use of in-line icons far worse than the text they represent. I expect few people have this problem, but I also expect that I'm not the only one with it.

reply
cosmic_cheese
7 hours ago
[-]
My gut feel (personal experience, not research) is that the whole of the icons' nature is important. Them having simple shapes doesn't necessarily solve the problem and could in some cases make it worse.

Imagine for example a set of icons that are monochrome, open-ended glyphs comprised of a single stroke with line weight similar to that of the text. This could complicate visual parsing greatly due to high visual similarity to text.

On the other hand, a 16px checkbox control with subtle gradients, shadows, and depth cues looks absolutely nothing like text and is filtered out by the brain almost automatically (unless of course the checkbox state is pertinent to the user's intent). Same goes for a 16px colorful icon with shading like used to be ubiquitous in desktop operating systems.

reply
xattt
6 hours ago
[-]
The box itself around a data table label could hint at a state, if the goal is to define only a handful of states (green rounded capsule for a completed state; diamond capsule for an in-progress condition; red square for an error; purple parallelogram for some special condition; etc).

Not sure how this is for accessibility in terms of colour selection, but I’m sure this could be fine-tuned.

reply
loeber
7 hours ago
[-]
I wrote about something very similar a long time ago.[0]

The key problem is that most contemporary web design does not follow any idioms. Idioms are conventions of design that are universally understood. Skillful use of idioms makes it much easier to parse what is going on on a given page.

Where we are with most applications is that they try to define their own idioms, i.e. their own icons, their own navigation patterns, etc. But this is very arrogant because they're assuming that the user has the time to build that familiarity with all those idioms. This is never the case.

Every day I use web applications from nominally mature companies, and they have totally different icon sets for the same actions. This is immensely distracting and hard to read. Every company sees an opportunity to define their own icons, when what they should be doing is using the exact same ones as everyone else because that makes it easy to understand.

https://essays.johnloeber.com/p/4-bring-back-idiomatic-desig...

reply
uhoh-itsmaciek
6 hours ago
[-]
Stop blogging on medium. I start to read your post and as I'm scrolling down the page, I get a full-page modal nagging me to subscribe. Why should I listen to anything you have to say about user experience?
reply
dmix
6 hours ago
[-]
If you sign up for free those modals stop showing up.
reply
pimlottc
2 hours ago
[-]
Closing the window prevents them as well
reply
renewiltord
3 hours ago
[-]
Anyone who accepts such pattern on read-only website is not authority on UX any longer.

It is like security expert who tells you to use same password everywhere. “If you use TOTP with it, you will be quite safe”. Yes, but recommendation reveals lack of knowledge .

reply
DangitBobby
5 hours ago
[-]
Yeah! Nag success!
reply
nofriend
3 hours ago
[-]
ub0 with all the annoyances lists on also hides it
reply
krick
3 hours ago
[-]
Start using icons in data tables!

…What? I suppose, if the OP feels he can give you imperative commands, so can I. I'll spare you the pretentious text elaborating the command — it carries as much substance as no text at all, anyway. And, seriously, if you don't use icons in data tables, you should try and see how it feels. For me personally it's the magic trick that often makes all the difference between an unreadable wall of numbers and a vivid, crystal clear picture.

reply
halayli
6 hours ago
[-]
I am not sure the author knows what spacial frequency means. Taking a well defined measurement unit and using it as an expression feels pretencious.
reply
brulard
7 hours ago
[-]
I disagree completely. I have hard times parsing the text. Simple icons are a life saver for me in big data tables
reply
amelius
7 hours ago
[-]
What if you don't know the icons yet?

And wouldn't colors be just as helpful?

Anyway, they should design for the majority. Or use some configurable approach, like with CSS, to make everybody happy. Opinionated is so last year.

reply
exabrial
8 hours ago
[-]
I had this experience with an app called Copilot Money. Wonderful native osx app, with a nice dark mode, but between the non-optional-emojis-burning-in-your-retinas in everywhere plus a few missing key features I couldn't take it. I asked their customer service if they could be made optional and they referred me to the suggestion tracker of course.
reply
nineteen999
3 hours ago
[-]
Stop using Stop as a headline.

Nobody with a brain is reacting to this (me excluded).

Grow up.

reply
NicuCalcea
7 hours ago
[-]
Another issue the author didn't mention, but I sometimes encounter, is that when you copy richly-formatted tables to paste in Excel or some other software, it often includes unwanted HTML tags. I usually have to use regex or at least a search and replace to make the table sortable and filterable.

I imagine this could similarly be an issue with screen readers, but haven't tested it.

reply
potatoicecoffee
5 hours ago
[-]
thats why all data should just be presented in an excel pivot table from the start
reply
NicuCalcea
5 hours ago
[-]
I certainly wouldn't mind more websites, especially government ones, offering a CSV download option along with their fancy tables.
reply
renewiltord
3 hours ago
[-]
For comparison tables and dense information, overuse of detail is noise. Text is required to avoid a legend, and color is useful to distinguish among many, but icons add no distinction. This is not universal. The classic comparison involves only two icons: green box checked white and red x or red container crossed white. In this case text is unhelpful.

I have never found text plus icon useful in a table that has colour.

reply
zx8080
3 hours ago
[-]
Stop showing fullscreen popups. Please.

And no, medium is not the last site in the universe to host at.

reply
calmbonsai
7 hours ago
[-]
Who is actually doing this routinely and how is this even a problem?

For actual data work, any sort of "rich formatting" is no bueno and icons are great for quick reflexive categorization for information-dense habitually used interfaces. They just take a slightly slower learning curve.

reply