How's your experience with the constantly changing language? How're your update/rewrite cycles looking like? Are there cases where packages you may use fall behind the language?
I know Bun's using zig to a degree of success, was wondering how the rest were doing.
The language and stdlib changing hasn't been a major pain point in at least a year or two. There was some upgrade a couple of years ago that took us awhile to land (I think it might have been 0.12 -> 0.13 but I could be misremembering the exact version) but it's been smooth sailing for a long time now.
These days I'd put breaking releases in the "minor nuisance" category, and when people ask what I've liked and disliked about using Zig I rarely even remember to bring it up.
Also, my .zig-cache is currently at 173GB, which causes some issues on the small Linux ARM VPS I test with.
As for upgrades. I upgraded lightpanda to 0.14 then 0.15 and it was fine. I think for lightpanda, the 0.16 changes might not be too bad, with the only potential issue coming from our use of libcurl and our small websocket server (for CDP connections). Those layers are relatively isolated / abstracted, so I'm hopeful.
As a library developer, I've given up following / tracking 0.16. For one, the change don't resonate with me, and for another, it's changing far too fast. I don't think anyone expects 0.16 support in a library right now. I've gotten PRs for my "dev" branches from a few brave souls and everyone seems happy with that arrangement.
Do you see any major problems when you remove your .zig-cache and start over?
I was searching around for causes and came across the following issues: https://github.com/ziglang/zig/issues/15358 which was moved to https://codeberg.org/ziglang/zig/issues/30193
The following quotes stand out
> zig's caching system is designed explicitly so that garbage collection could happen in one process simultaneously while the cache is being used by another process.
> I just ran WizTree to find out why my disk was full, and the zig cache for one project alone was like 140 GB.
> not only the .zig-cache directory in my projects, but the global zig cache directory which is caching various dependencies: I'm finding each week I have to clear both caches to prevent run-away disk space
Like what's going on? This doesn't seem normal at all. I also read somewhere that zig stores every version of your binary as well? Can you shed some light on why it works like this in zigland?
I don't use zig. My experience has been that caches themselves are sources of bugs (not talking about zig only, but in general). Clearing all relevant caches occasionally is useful when you're experiencing weird bugs.
There is still this disconnection on how languages under ISO process work in the industry.
This puts much more work on the compiler development side, but it's a great boon for the ecosystem.
To be fair, zig is pre 1.0, but Zig is also already 8 years old. Rust turned 1.0 at ~ 5 years, I think.
> Are there cases where packages you may use fall behind the language?
Using third party packages is quite problematic yes. I don't recommend using them too much personally, unless you want to make more work for yourself.
I think one of the more PITA changes necessary to get these projects to 0.15 is removing `usingnamespace`, which I've used to implement a kind of mixin. The projects are all a few thousand LOC and it shouldn't be that much trouble, but enough trouble that none of what I gain from upgrading currently justify doing it. I think that's fine.
I asked him about in a thread a while back: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47206009#47209313
The makers of TigerBeatle also rave about how good Zig is.
Color me extremely sceptical. Surely if you could make javascript fast google would have tried a decade ago....
Surely nobody would use javascript for either yea? The weaknesses of the language are amplified in constrained environments: low certainty, high memory pressure, high startup costs.
It's probably the most popular language for serverless.
When people go AWS, Azure, GCP,... other languages take the reigns.
This makes me feel that the underlying technology behind Zig is solid.
But I prefer Rust over Zig. The main difference is Rust chooses a "closed world" model while Zig chooses an "open world" model: in Rust, you must explicitly implement a trait while in Zig as long as the shape fits, or the `.` on a structure member exists (for whichever type you pass in), it will work (I don't use Zig so pardon hand wavy description).
This gives Zig very powerful meta programming abilities but is a pain because you don't know what kind of type "shapes" will be used in a particular piece of code. Zig is similar to C++ templates in some respects.
This has a ripple effect everywhere. Rust generated documentation is very rich and explicit about what functions a structure supports (as each trait is explicitly enrolled and implemented). In Zig the dynamic nature of the code becomes a problem with autocomplete, documentation, LSP support, ...
Do you happen to have a more specific example by any chance? I’d be interested in what this looks like in practice, because what you described sounds a bit like Go interfaces and from my understanding of Zig, there’s no direct equivalent to it in Zig, other than variations of fieldParentPtr.
I understand both of the following:
1. Language development is a tricky subject, in general, but especially for those languages looking for wide adoption or hoping for ‘generational’ (program life span being measured in multiple decades) usage in infrastructure, etc.
2) Zig is a young-ish language, not at 1.0, and explicitly evolving as of the posting of TFA
With those points as caveats, I find the casualness of the following (from the codeburg post linked on the devlog) surprising:
‘’’This branch changes the semantics of "uninstantiable" types (things like noreturn, that is, types which contain no values). I wasn't originally planning to do this here, but matching the semantics of master was pretty difficult because the existing semantics don't make much sense.’’’
I don’t know Zig’s particular strategy and terminology for language and compiler development, but I would assume the usage of ‘branch’ here implies this is not a change fully/formally adopted by the language but more a fully implemented proposal. Even if it is just a proposal for change, the large scale of the rewrite and clear implication that the author expects it to be well received strikes me as uncommon confidence. Changing the semantics of a language with any production use is nearly definitionally MAJOR, to just blithely state your PR changes semantics and proceed with no deep discussion (which could have previously happened, IDK) or serious justification or statements concerning the limited effect of those changes is not something I have experienced watching the evolution (or de-evolution) of other less ‘serious’ languages.
Is this a “this dev” thing, a Zig thing, or am just out of touch with modern language (or even larger scale development) projects?
Also, not particularly important or really significant to the overall thrust of TFA, but the author uses the phrase “modern Zig”, which given Zig’s age and seeming rate of change currently struck me as a very funny turn of phrase.
* The author is being flippant and not taking the situation seriously enough.
* The author is presuming a high-trust audience that knows that they have done all the due diligence and don't have to restate all of that.
In this case, it's a devlog (i.e. not a "marketing post") for a language that isn't at 1.0 yet. A certain amount of "if you're here, you probably have some background" is probably reasonable.
The post does link directly to the PR and the PR has a lot more context that clearly conveys the author knows what they are doing.
It is weird reading about (minor) breaking language changes sort of mentioned in passing. We're used to languages being extremely stable. But Zig isn't 1.0 yet. Andrew and friends certainly take user stability seriously, but you signed up for a certain amount of breakage if you pick the language today.
As someone who maintains a post-1.0 language, there really is a lot of value in breaking changes like this. It's good to fix things while your userbase is small. It's maddening to have to live with obvious warts in the language simply because the userbase got too big for you to feasibly fix it, even when all the users wish you could fix it too. (Witness: The broken precedence of bitwise operators in C.)
It's better for all future users to get the language as clean and solid as you can while it's still malleable.
This was proposed, discussed, and accepted here: https://github.com/ziglang/zig/issues/3257
Later, Matthew Lugg made a follow-up proposal, which was discussed both publicly and in ZSF core team meetings. https://github.com/ziglang/zig/issues/15909
He writes:
> A (fairly uncontroversial) subset of this behavior was implemented in [the changeset we are discussing]. I'll close this for now, though I'll probably end up revisiting these semantics more precisely at some point, in which case I'll open a new issue on Codeberg.
I don't know how evident this is to the casual HN reader, but to me this changeset very obviously moves Zig the language from experimental territory a large degree towards being formally specified, because it makes type resolution a Directed Acyclic Graph. Just look at how many bugs it resolved to get a feel for it. This changeset alone will make the next release of the compiler significantly more robust.
Now, I like talking about its design and development, but all that being said, Zig project does not aim for full transparency. It says right there in the README:
> Zig is Free and Open Source Software. We welcome bug reports and patches from everyone. However, keep in mind that Zig governance is BDFN (Benevolent Dictator For Now) which means that Andrew Kelley has final say on the design and implementation of everything.
It's up to you to decide whether the language and project are in trustworthy hands. I can tell you this much: we (the dev team) have a strong vision and we care deeply about the project, both to fulfill our own dreams as well as those of our esteemed users whom we serve[1]. Furthermore, as a 501(c)(3) non-profit we have no motive to enshittify.
[1]: https://ziglang.org/documentation/master/#Zen
It's been incredible working with Matthew. I hope I can have the pleasure to continue to call him my colleague for many years to come.
Great to hear; I look forward to reading the language spec one day.
Indeed you don't ... perhaps you should have asked.
> I would assume
Generally a bad idea.
> which could have previously happened, IDK
Indeed you don't. Perhaps you should have asked.
Check the response from the language BDFN, Andrew Kelley.