The Arcade Card add-on was designed specifically around using the transfer instructions to rapidly transfer graphics into VRAM, something it was very good at. Made some really good Neo Geo ports possible.
I did have a PCB worked up that lets you convert anything to a PC Engine controller. Can’t give them away!
Amusingly, TurboGrafx-16 is a US-specific name, so is the huge shell.
In Japan, the console was called PC Engine and was really compact. Later revised as CoreGrafx and CoreGrafx II, both still the same fundamental hardware.
I own the later variant. Very solid little box that sips power and produces stable a/v output.
I had a PC Engine and a Super Famicom (well before the SNES made it to the US!). They both had cosmetic differences but I thought that the Japanese versions of both would be more attractive to US customers. I'm not sure why they shipped different casings like they did.
In the back of my mind, I have the idea that US regulations required extra shielding that the Japanese model lacked. Maybe this isn't the case. Maybe some American marketer decided it was just too cute or too small.
The Japanese version of that redesign also got compatibility with existing SNES Multi-AV cables (at least the composite ones, the AV Famicom didn't output s-video) while the US version was RF-only (and AFAIK is worse for jailbars than any previous NES)
Given the 8-bit CPU it feels a lot more like a 16-bit system to me. The dedicated sprites/scrolling hardware instead of a more bitmap/framebuffer focused design meant things like shooters and platform games played amazingly well.
Soldier Blade, R-Type, Air Zonk, Bonk, etc felt amazing. Given the formfactor and the cool card cartridge format I can see why it was so popular in Japan.
OTOH if you're European, my impression is that micros were more popular in the 80s and early 90s than dedicated game consoles, and I guess those tended to lack robust sprite/scrolling support, and tended to be more frame buffer-y.
I find that the unsuccessful [1] consoles are generally pretty bad. The 3DO and the Jaguar and CD-i are mostly pretty crappy, and while it can be fun to play for a novelty and you might even find one or two games that make it worth it, the vast majority of the time there's a reason that people don't seriously revisit these consoles. To be clear, I did grow up with a 3DO and Jaguar (well, I got both when I was thirteen), so I'm not speaking out of my ass here.
So I was actually very surprised that the TurboGrafx games were actually quite good. Like, I kept going through random games, and I was shocked to find that a lot of them were actually very well made; decent graphics, tight controls, and fun gameplay.
There are terrible games on there, but I was kind of shocked to find that they appear to be outliers.
Now I kind of wish I had grown up with the Turbografx.
[1] A relative term, I acknowledge
Fast forward a couple of years and the PlayStation and Saturn are both out, more technically capable, cheaper, and with better game libraries.
However, I really do think the main thing that killed the 3DO was the price - it was wildly and ridiculously expensive compared with the alternatives - and the lack of games sort of followed naturally from that because who’s going to develop for a console hardly anyone bought?
The inter-generation timing of its launch probably didn’t help. Who’s forking over when you know Sega, Nintendo and - it turns out - Sony are all going to release something better in a year or two?
I believe this was because 3DO didn't make the consoles themselves, they licensed the design to others who made it. The console had to be profitable, rather than be sold at a loss and be subsidized by game sales.
I'm sure there are issues with this kind of scheme, but I think it's possible that by doing that it could have brought the console price down.
Another issue is that pretty much every good game on there came out on other platforms, and often the other platform's version was actually better anyway. Return Fire, for example: great game, a lot of fun, but the PlayStation version is better in pretty much every way. Same with Road Rash, or The Horde (in a cheesy way, on the Saturn), Alone in the Dark (on the PC), etc. Despite being called the 3DO, it pretty much always had the absolute worst version of 3D games.
There are a few exclusives, and even a couple that are ok, but certainly not enough to justify the price tag. Even compared to the Saturn (a system that also tends to have pretty mediocre 3D experiences), it's pretty obvious that the 3DO is a bad deal.
The PC Engine, released in 1987, was an incredible success in Japan, rivalling the Famicom, as its graphical effects blew the socks off Famicom players. I imagine it would have done the same in North America if it had released in 1987 or 1988 but sadly it somehow took until late August 1989 for it to be released! Years late!!!! By this point the NES was firmly established and the same month, the truly 16 bit Genesis would be released. Turbografx didn't stand a chance.
I was a proud Turbo DUO owner. It had some fantastic multiplayer games, especially 5-player Bomberman. That got a lot of play, including tournaments at work. Dungeon Explorer is another one we played through multiple times.
I played through the campaign for Alien vs Predator for both the Space Marine and the Alien campaigns in BigPEmu, and I really think it's a mediocre-at-best Wolf 3D clone. If it had been released on anything besides the Jag, then I think it would be, at best, relegated to the annals of mediocrity like the dozens of other Wolfenstein 3D knock offs. I wanted to like it because I love the first two Alien movies, but I really do not think it holds up compared to most FPS games, even at the time.
I haven't fully gone through the Turbo CD catalog yet, but I did play through It Came From Outer space and that was a blast in a "so bad it's good" kind of way.
Rondo of Blood was actually the only PC-Engine game I had actually played before the MiSTer, and of course it's a classic for a reason, it's great.
Something I find charming in how utterly incompetent it is is the Addams Family game on the CD. I have no idea how the hell it was even released, let alone made, because it is absurdly bad. You play as the lawyer from the movie (the absolute least interesting character in the movie) and apparently all the Addams' want you actively fucking dead. It's so unbelievably terrible that I sort of got obsessed with it and managed to actually beat it.
Where the PC Engine ends up weaker is in the video processor. That generation of consoles was able to do more with the video hardware than previous generations (like the NES and Master System) due to faster RAM becoming available. The PC Engine used the additional bandwidth to make it possible for the CPU to access video memory while the screen is being drawn, while the SNES kept the restriction that you can only access video memory during vblank and instead used the additional bandwidth for more background layers. Being able to access video memory all the time is definitely a useful feature, but the result is that PC Engine games often look more flat than SNES games.
The SNES can only render 256 simultaneous colours. The TG-16 could do twice that at 512. Its video processor was also full 16-bit.
I’m not sure where you’re getting that the video was the weakness of the TG-16. At the time, that was the Turbografx’s whole claim to fame in that it was superior graphically to the SNES.
Source: Old enough to remember the commercials and bought both consoles to compare like nerds did back then
Hudson was apparently a legendary company. If you look at their Japanese Wikipedia page, it’s filled with "heroic tales" that almost sound like jokes.
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%...
The CPU was conceived by Hudson engineers who, despite their success in the NES business, felt they had hit the hardware's limits. Interestingly, they initially had no business plan. They were simply "chasing a dream" and supposedly had "no real intention of selling it," which led most semiconductor manufacturers to reject their pitch.
They managed to scrape together a few thousand samples, and by pure chance, NEC—a dominant PC manufacturer in Japan at the time—was looking to enter the console market. This lucky alignment of interests is what gave birth to the PC Engine.
While this story sounds reckless, it was only possible because Japan was in the midst of the real estate bubble, and capital was overflowing.
Once the bubble burst in the 90s, Japan entered a long recession. After a few major bank failures, Hudson’s funding dried up. They were eventually absorbed by Konami, and today, even the Hudson name is gone. It’s a real shame.
The deal-breaker was Sharp’s deep relationship with Nintendo at the time. Apparently, developing a console with Hudson’s CPU was seen as something that would have jeopardized their partnership with Nintendo.
What Sharp was working on back then was the "C1 NES TV"—basically a NES-integrated television. You could think of it as the NES era's version of the iMac. It has a bit of a comical look that always makes me smile.
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%9F%E3...
Hearing full hi-fi stereo anime rock and roll instead of chip tunes blew my mind back in the day.
They previously did the entire famicon library.